English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

The causes of variations in the Straits of Florida water-surface temperatures are many and complex. To analyze these causes into their ultimate constituent components would be a difficult and delicate task, perhaps leading to precariously tenable conclusions. In the present paper, no such minute unraveling is attempted. Instead, what are admittedly compleses of several basic elements are treated, partly for simplicity and codvenience, as single “causes.” Subject to this grouping, practically all of the variations in straits surface temperatures may be expressed in terms of simple, linear, algebraic functions of the combined influences of three numerical factors. In other words, the fluctuations in these three modifying factors can be made to account for practically all of the fluctuations in the Straits of Florida water-surface temperature anoma1ie.s. These factors are, in approximate order of decreasing importance: 1. The contemporary local air temperature (that of Key West was used). 2. The water temperature in the eastern Gulf of Mexico. 3. The contemporary percentage of possible sunshine a t Key West. The temperrt6ures in the eastern Gulf are significant’ly correlated with both the straits temperatures of the sanie month and those of the following month. Therefore, the closest fit of computed values to actual temperatures is obtained by a twofold use of the numerical quantities representing the eastern Gulf of Mexico surf ace-water temperature anomaly influence. Count,ing the dual influence of the eastern Gulf as two variables, and including the dependent variable, straits temperature anomalies, this makes the total number of variables equal to five. There are, of course, other factors and influences which have been considered at one time or another to be highly significant in their effects upon variations in straits surf ace temperatures, and many of these have received considerable study. Some of these factors and influences probably modify the straits water-surface temperature fluctuations about their seasonal normal by amounts which are large in an absolute sense-in the number, let us say, of ton-calories of heat per second passing a given cross section of the straits-but yet in relative importance are comparatively minor. Examples of such factors would include: 1. The surface temperature variations in the Caribbean Sea. 2. The amount of local rainfall, or that for some distant point. 3. The movements of wind insofar as these movements produce effects independent of the complex of effects here grouped under “ air temperature.” The locations and boundaries of the areas considered are shown on the map (fig. 1). It will be noted that the area defined as the “eastern Gulf overlaps slightly that designated as the “Caribbean Sea.” The period available for study was July 1920, to November 1933, inclusive, or 13 years and 5 months. The items correlated, in the case of the temperature data, were the departures of the monthly averages from their own 13-year or 14-year means or “normals.” In the case of the Key West sunshine, the full positive decimal fractional values of sunshine for the month were used, in the computations, with unity coded to mean 100 percent. The amount of correlation between the influencing factors selected as significant and the straits water ternperature varies from one part of the year to another. For this reason, there would be advantages in treating each month separately, in order that the changing relative importance of the influencing fact,ors might be fully brought out. This would necessitate 12 separate fivefactor multiple correlations, each correlation based on only 13 or 14 sets of items. With so few items in each correlation, the results obtained for any 1 month stmanding alone could not have more than quditative significance. Lacking a sufficiently long record to permit treating each

REGRESSION EQUATIONS ANALYZING THE IMMEDIATE ANTECEDENTS OF TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES IN STRAITS OF FLORIDA SURFACE WATER