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Interactions between deep tropical clouds over the western Pacific warm pool and the larger-scale environment are key to understanding climate change. Cloud models are an extremely useful tool in simulating and providing statistical information on heat and moisture transfer processes between cloud systems and the environment, and can therefore be utilized to substantially improve cloud parameterizations in climate models. In this paper, the Goddard Cumulus Ensemble (GCE) cloud-resolving model is used in multiday simulations of deep tropical convective activity over the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE). Large-scale temperature and moisture advective tendencies, and horizontal momentum from the TOGA COARE Intensive Flux Array region, are applied to the GCE version that incorporates cyclical boundary conditions. Sensitivity experiments show that the horizontal extent (size) of the domain produces the largest response to domain-mean temperatur...

journal of the atmospheric sciences

A Study of the Response of Deep Tropical Clouds to Large-Scale Thermodynamic Forcings. Part I: Modeling Strategies and Simulations of TOGA COARE Convective Systems