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In order to understand the mechanisms of formation of broad size spectra of cloud droplets and to develop a basis for the parameterization of cloud microphysical and optical properties, the authors derive a general kinetic equation of stochastic condensation that is applicable for various relationships between the supersaturation relaxation time t f and the timescale of turbulence t L. Supersaturation is considered as a nonconservative variable, and thus additional covariances and a turbulent diffusion coefficient tensor that is dependent on the supersaturation relaxation time, kij(t f ), are introduced into the kinetic equation. This equation can be used in cloud models with explicit microphysics or can serve as a basis for development of parameterizations for bulk cloud models and general circulation models.

Toward the Theory of Stochastic Condensation in Clouds. Part I: A General Kinetic Equation