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A study of the impact of ENSO in the Hadley Centre’s atmospheric climate model HADAM1 is presented, with emphasis on the North Pacific–American (NPA) sector. The study is based both on observational data and an ensemble of six integrations for the period 1949–93, forced with observed global sea-ice and sea surface temperature data. The model is shown to reproduce most of the known features of the worldwide atmospheric response to ENSO in boreal winter (January–March). Focusing on the NPA sector, the leading modes of low-frequency weather variability in the winter season are identified on their natural timescales for both the modeled and observed atmospheres. These modes are analyzed via rotated EOF analysis of daily 500-hPa height data, filtered to remove synoptic timescale variations. The model gives a reasonably skillful simulation of the main features of the four leading modes in the NPA region:the Pacific–North American (PNA), the west Pacific (WP), the east Pacific (EP), and the North Pacifi...

Wintertime Low-Frequency Weather Variability in the North Pacific–American Sector 1949–93