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Several space agencies are presently considering missions with active instruments (radar, lidar), which are able to document cloud stratification and cloud microphysical properties on the global scale. The objective of this paper is to develop an algorithm to derive as much information as possible from a single-frequency, nadir-looking cloud radar operating from an airborne or spaceborne platform. It is impossible to derive all parameters of interest in the radiative budget of a cloud from only the radar reflectivity profile, unless some a priori knowledge of cloud processes is introduced in the formulation of the algorithm itself. The a priori knowledge considered here (total concentration of particles invariant with altitude, adiabatic liquid water content) does not apply to all cloud types but only to warm stratiform clouds where entrainment is weak. The algorithm concept and inversion procedure, including a stable scheme for correcting the radar reflectivity for attenuation, are first describ...

Determination of the Radiative Properties of Stratiform Clouds from a Nadir-Looking 95-GHz Radar