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Death of the red blood cell is thought to occur either by senescence when it reaches the end of its life span or by a process of random destruction unrelated to the age of the cell (1, 2). In a normally distributed mixed population of red cells senescence would result in the daily loss of approximately the same number of erythrocytes while random destruction would remove each day a constant proportion of the remaining cells. These two processes are therefore clearly distinguishable by survival experiments. Although this theory implies that the life span, as distinct from the actual survival time, is a characteristic of the cell itself and independent of the environment so that it is unaffected even by transfusion, no direct experimental evidence exists as to whether or not this is, in fact, the case. To obtain such evidence it is necessary to use cells that can be identified either by the blood group to which they belong as in the Ashby method, or by the incorporation of an isotope such as N15, Fe55, Fe59, or Cr51. Identification with radiochromium is perhaps the simplest because of the ease of incorporation and of measurement, its greatest defect being that its union with the red cell is not quite irreversible, approximately 1 per cent of the remaining isotope being lost, presumably by elution, daily (3). This makes direct calculation of the life span and rate of random loss impossible by the usual regression methods, and although a method exists by which an approximation can sometimes be arrived at, it is not certain whether this would give satisfactory answers in this case. Moreover very little is known about the accuracy and reproducibility

the journal of clinical investigation/the journal of clinical investigation

THE POTENTIAL LIFE SPAN AND ULTIMATE SURVIVAL OF FRESH RED BLOOD CELLS IN NORMAL HEALTHY RECIPIENTS AS STUDIED BY SIMULTANEOUS Cr51 TAGGING AND DIFFERENTIAL HEMOLYSIS 1