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In a previous communication experiments have been described (1) in which, when systole was simulated in cadavers, the size of the ballistocardiogram proved to be dependent on two major factors: First, on the energy of the systolic blow; and second, on a factor which may be thought of as determining the hardness or softness of the blow, a factor varied in our experiments by changing the padding on the mallet whose strokes provided the energy for the simulation of systole. In this paper we seek to unite these two major factors in the genesis of the ballistocardiogram into a single conception and to ascertain its relation to more familiar aspects of cardiac function. Put another way we have asked ouselves the question whether there is a single aspect of cardiac performance which is driving the ballistocardiogram and if so, how changes in that aspect are related to changes in the size of this record. In making this study we shall take full advantage of the curves which record both cardiac output and blood pressure at each instant, which are the chief features of our experimental preparation, and which permit us to estimate many aspects of "cardiac" performance with an accuracy not as yet approached in measurements made on living men or animals. In this paper we will present our data in detail. The results show that there is indeed a single aspect of cardiac function, related to the heart's force, so closely correlated with the amplitude of the ballistocardiogram under such a great variety of conditions that the magnitude of the one can properly be thought of as determining that of the other.

Studies Made by Simulating Systole at Necropsy. III. On the Genesis of the Systolic Waves of the Ballistocardiogram1