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The circulating red cell volume of man and animals has been investigated heretofore by the injection of red cells labeled with the radioisotopes of iron (Fe55 and Fe59) and phosphorus (P32) (1-10). The preparation of red cells tagged with radioactive iron necessitates the administration of radioiron for one or more weeks to volunteer donors who incorporate it into the hemoglobin of their red cells (1, 2) which must then be transfused into the experimental subject. Radioactive phosphorus may be added in vitro to a small volume of the experimental subject's own red cells which become labeled rapidly. This technical advantage, however, is counter-balanced by the rapid phosphate exchange in vivo between the red cells and the plasma, causing the radioactivity of the tagged cells to fall significantly after one to three hours (5-8). In the present investigation a new biological tracer, radioactive chromium (Cr51), with a halflife of 26.5 days, has been employed for the determination of the circulating red cell volume. When this isotope was added to erythrocytes in vitro as Na2Cr5104, it was taken up avidly by the red cells, which retained their radioactivity without significant loss to the plasma for periods of one day or more after injection into experimental animals (11). Since the exchange of Crp5 between the red cells and plasma was negligible for 24 hours, radioactive chromate appeared to be ideal for the tagging of red blood cells and the measurement of the circulating red cell volume. The application of this method to studies in dogs

DETERMINATION OF THE CIRCULATING RED CELL VOLUME IN MAN BY RADIOACTIVE CHROMIUM 1