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The administration of parathyroid extract causes well-known changes in the calcium and phosphorus metabolisms. Albright and Ellsworth (1) advanced the theory that the changes in the calcium metabolism, including changes in bone, were dependent upon preceding changes in the phosphorus metabolism; they, furthermore, believed that the lowering of the serum phosphorus level was the result of an increased phosphate excretion in the urine. Collip, Pugsley, Selye, and Thomson (2), however, after a study of the long bones of 8 nephrectomized rats that had been injected with parathyroid extract, concluded that the action of the parathyroid hormone on bone tissue is not dependent upon a preceding phosphorus diuresis. Likewise, McJunkin, Tweedy, and McNamara (3) found that the administration of large doses of parathyroid extract to nephrectomized rats produced a pronounced resorption of bone although it did not produce a characteristic rise in serum calcium. In spite of these studies, there still seemed room for doubt: Collip, et al. did not publish results with nephrectomized controls, and the possibility existed that nephrectomy alone, with its concomitant acidosis, might lead to bone resorption; McJunkin, et al. did publish results on nephrectomized controls, but their control animals were considerably heavier and presumably older than the experimental animals (control animals, 151 grams, as compared with experimental animals, 110 grams, average per animal). The studies here to be reported are a repetition and an extension of the above observations, with certain modifications and different methods, to determine whether the above results could pos-

THE LOCUS OF ACTION OF THE PARATHYROID HORMONE: EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES WITH PARATHYROID EXTRACT ON NORMAL AND NEPHRECTOMIZED RATS 1