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Based on my Master’s thesis, this paper is an exploratory study of the experiences and perceptions of a group of NZ-born Tongan males living in Auckland on what participation in the Tongan cultural of the faikava meant to them, how they valued this experience and whether they believed participation could help minimise some of the social pressures Tongan youth face today – such as alcohol and drug abuse and youth gang affiliation. Reports indicate that a factor in NZ-born Pacific Island youth engaging in these and other risky behaviours in New Zealand is their lack of cultural identity and security. For this study, the methodological framework of phenomenology and talanoa was employed involving individual talanoa with 12 participants who were members of faikava clubs in the Auckland region. These clubs were mainly linked to churches, villages and old boys associations. The talanoa were conducted in Tongan and English which was recorded. Findings were that the faikava played a significant role in teaching and reinforcing the pukepuke fonua or maintaining the Tonga culture and language for this group. In fact, they referred to the faikava as a cultural classroom where through engagement in debates, songs and music, they learnt, rejuvenated and maintained the Tongan culture and language. In sum, the faikava was a supplementary education site. In addition, the faikava also fostered intergenerational harmony, as the elders passed on customary knowledge. They also listened to the views of these younger participants. Finally for this group, the faikava had served as a diversion from alcohol consumption and affiliation with youth gangs. All 12 participants affirmed the value of the faikava and hope that this would be maintained in the future. On the basis of the results of this research, it can be concluded that the faikava is serving as an identity marker for NZ-born Tongan males today as a situation where the Tongan language and culture is learnt, reinforced and maintained. As this study does not represent the total population of NZ-born Tongan males living in the Auckland area, further research is warranted.

Pukepuke Fonua: An Exploratory Study on the faikava as an Identity Marker for New Zealand-Born Tongan Males in Auckland New Zealand