English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Zendy Plus

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Zendy Tools

Zendy Open

In recent decades, a Kurdish diaspora has begun to appear and its emergence has influenced the nature of the Kurdish question which has until then been a conflict mainly involving the Kurds and the states of the Middle East. Subsequently Kurdish communities have become very active in the diaspora, imposing themselves on the political agendas of most European countries. This change was most dramatic when the Kurds in Iraq began to develop self-government in 1991 which was recognized constitutionally after the fall of Saddam Hussein regime. The Iraqi Kurdistan turned out to be a centre of attraction for the Kurds who were living in diaspora including Turkey, Iran and Syria. The relationship between the diaspora and the homeland is addressed in this paper in the context of such changes. The aim is to at study how the ongoing nation-building process in Iraqi Kurdistan affects the Kurdish diaspora. It explores how the long enduring Kurdish struggle for nationhood and the relatively new transnational space of the Kurdish diaspora can interact and changes take place in both spaces. It is argued that the Kurdish diaspora has responded to the developments in homeland through different forms of diaspora circulation, rather than returning to homeland which was supposed in the previous studies. This paper is based on the results of qualitative research which was conducted among the ‘elites’ of the Kurdish diaspora in Sweden, the UK, the Netherlands and Belgium in 2008.

Kurdish Diaspora: Creating New Contingencies in Trans-National Space