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The impact of the Belt and Road Initiative ( BRI ) to global development will be unprecedented and significant, and developmental impact evaluation is therefore central to understanding  BRI  projects and making informed decisions. Compared with evaluations of individual projects and programs, evaluation of large and mega infrastructure projects under the  BRI  is particularly challenging and complex in integrating stakeholder objectives, accounting for social benefit and costs, and tracking long-term project impact. In this paper, we summarize the key drawbacks of existing  BRI  evaluation frameworks, propose a systematic evaluation framework elicitation method based on the inputs from  BRI  subject matter experts and verified through stakeholder participation, and apply an interim evaluation framework in understanding the Mombasa-Nairobi Standard Gauge Railway project in Kenya, as a proof of concept of a comprehensive evaluation framework. In doing so, we seek to provide a tool for  BRI  decision makers and stakeholders to assess these projects holistically at planning, construction and operation stages.

Addressing Impact Evaluation Gaps in Belt and Road Initiative Projects in Africa: The Standard Gauge Railway Project in Kenya as a Proof of Concept