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Recently, Wu, Wang, and Evans (2019) and Bu, Waltman, and Huang (2019)proposed a new family of indicators, which measure whether a scientificpublication is disruptive to a field or tradition of research. Such disruptiveinfluences are characterized by citations to a focal paper, but not its citedreferences. In this study, we are interested in the question of convergentvalidity, i.e., whether these indicators of disruption are able to measure whatthey propose to measure ('disruptiveness'). We used external criteria ofnewness to examine convergent validity: in the post-publication peer reviewsystem of F1000Prime, experts assess papers whether the reported researchfulfills these criteria (e.g., reports new findings). This study is based on120,179 papers from F1000Prime published between 2000 and 2016. In the firstpart of the study we discuss the indicators. Based on the insights from thediscussion, we propose alternate variants of disruption indicators. In thesecond part, we investigate the convergent validity of the indicators and the(possibly) improved variants. Although the results of a factor analysis showthat the different variants measure similar dimensions, the results ofregression analyses reveal that one variant (DI5) performs slightly better thanthe others.

Do disruption index indicators measure what they propose to measure? The comparison of several indicator variants with assessments by peers