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Background and Purpose: This study was designed to compare the effects ofhigh-intensity interval training (HIT) and moderate-intensity continuoustraining (MOD) on functional recovery and cerebral plasticity during the first2 weeks following cerebral ischemia. Methods: Rats were randomized as follows:Control (n=15), SHAM (n=9), MCAO (n=13), MCAO-D1 (n=7), MOD (n=13) and HIT(n=13). Incremental tests were performed at day 1 (D1) and 14 (D14) to identifythe running speed associated with the lactate threshold (SLT) and the maximalspeed (Smax). Functional tests were performed at D1, D7 and D14. Microgliaform, cytokines, p75NTR, KCC2 and NKCC1 expression were made at D15.Results-HIT was more effective to improve the endurance performance than MODand induced a fast recovery of the impaired forelimb grip force. The Iba-1positive cells with amoeboid form and the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokineexpression were lower in HIT group, mainly in the ipsilesional hemisphere. Ap75NTR overexpression is observed on the ipsilesional side together with arestored NKCC1/KCC2 ratio on the contralesional side. Conclusions-Low-volumeHIT based on lactate threshold appears to be more effective after cerebralischemia than work-matched MOD to improve aerobic fitness, grip strength andmight promote cerebral plasticity.

Effects of high vs moderate-intensity training on neuroplasticity and functional recovery after focal ischemia