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Objective: Low HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) is the most frequent dyslipidemia in Mexicans, but few studies have examined the underlying genetic basis. Our purpose was to identify genetic variants associated with HDL-C levels and cardiovascular risk in the Mexican population. Approach and Results: A genome-wide association studies for HDL-C levels in 2335 Mexicans, identified four loci associated with genome-wide significance:CETP ,ABCA1 ,LIPC , andSIDT2 . TheSIDT2 missense Val636Ile variant was associated with HDL-C levels and was replicated in 3 independent cohorts (P =5.9×10−18 in the conjoint analysis). TheSIDT2 /Val636Ile variant is more frequent in Native American and derived populations than in other ethnic groups. This variant was also associated with increased ApoA1 and glycerophospholipid serum levels, decreased LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and ApoB levels, and a lower risk of premature CAD. Because SIDT2 was previously identified as a protein involved in sterol transport, we tested whether the SIDT2/Ile636 protein affected this function using an in vitro site-directed mutagenesis approach. The SIDT2/Ile636 protein showed increased uptake of the cholesterol analog dehydroergosterol, suggesting this variant affects function. Finally, liver transcriptome data from humans and the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel are consistent with the involvement ofSIDT2 in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism.Conclusions: This is the first genome-wide association study for HDL-C levels seeking associations with coronary artery disease in the Mexican population. Our findings provide new insight into the genetic architecture of HDL-C and highlightSIDT2 as a new player in cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism in humans.

arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology

Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies a Functional <i>SIDT2</i> Variant Associated With HDL-C (High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol) Levels and Premature Coronary Artery Disease

Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies a Functional SIDT2 Variant Associated With HDL-C (High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol) Levels and Premature Coronary Artery Disease