English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Background— Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are implicated in cardiovascular disease. Growth hormone (GH) deficiency is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. We assessed whether GH replacement, in GH-deficient adults, has any effect on plasma levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), known to activate MMPs.Methods and Results— The study comprised 66 GH-deficient adults, 37.8±14.7 years of age (37 female). Plasma MMP-2 and MMP-9, VEGF, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were measured at baseline (V1 ), at 12 months (V2 ), and at 24 months of GH treatment (V3 ). IGF-1 levels rose under GH replacement (mean±SD): V1 , 151.6±91.9 μg/mL; V2 , 270.2±114.8 μg/mL; and V3 , 266.2±109.8 (V1 versus V2 ;P &lt;0.001: V2 versus V3 ;P =0.76). MMP-9 exhibited the most pronounced and sustained decline from 1248.0±651.1 ng/mL at V1 , 949.2±457.7 ng/mL at V2 , and 760.8±386.1 ng/mL at V3 (P &lt;0.001 at all time points). A similar pattern was detected for VEGF levels: 358.5±209.0 pg/mL at V1 , 310.6±225.7 pg/mL at V2 (P &lt;0.001), and 283.7±202.7 pg/mL at V3 (V2 versus V3 ;P =0.005). MMP-2 demonstrated a significant decline initially from V1 to V2 (1134.4±217.8 ng/mL versus 1074.5±203.0 ng/mL, respectively;P =0.031), reaching a plateau at V3 (1072.3±220.2 ng/mL) (V2 versus V3 ;P =0.93). A negative relation existed between MMP-9 versus IGF-1 and MMP-2 versus IGF-1 (P &lt;0.001 andP =0.007, respectively) as well as between VEGF and IGF-1 (P &lt;0.001).Conclusions— These changes in MMPs and VEGF may contribute to the anticipated reduction in vascular mortality in hypopituitary adults receiving GH replacement.

circulation

Growth Hormone Replacement Decreases Plasma Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinases (2 and 9) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Growth Hormone–Deficient Individuals