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Molluscs have been employed as bioindicators in studies of environmental stress. In this way the freshwater snail Biomphalaria glabrata has been evaluated as a good laboratory model, and previous studies have pointed for its application in environmental research. The HSP70 protein is a molecule of 70 kDa from a family of proteins with role in maintaining homeostasis: the Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs), and it has been studied as a potential biomarker for environmental injury indicating stress and providing protection against the protein damage. In this work, the protein HSP70 was characterized in B. glabrata by Western blotting aiming its employment in future environmental applications. To this purpose, 5-6 months old snails, with shell diameter of 14,4 (±1,7) mm, were exposed to heat and to cadmium chloride (CdCl2) in order to verify the response of this protein to the stresses. Animals were dissected to investigate induction of HSP70. Proteins were extracted from tissues with RIPA buffer, fractionated in denaturing polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis, transferred to nitrocellulose membrane, and detected with a HSP70-specific antibody. The CL50/96h was determined as 0,34 (0,30-0,37) ppm for CdCl2 and served as reference in the experiments for protein induction. It was observed that exposure to sublethal temperatures improved the resistance of snails B. glabrata to the lethal temperature of 42 oC. Previous sublethal exposure to heat at 33 °C and to CdCl2 at 0,22 ppm improved the survival of snails B. glabrata to a lethal concentration of CdCl2 (0,7 ppm) and to a lethal temperature (42 oC), respectively. The findings of Western blot pointed to a possible role of HSP70 protein in this process. Results showed a correlation between HSP70 and the improvement of survival to lethal stimuli after a previous exposure to mild stresses. The Western blot showed an induction of HSP70 protein in the preexposed groups as compared to the control ones. The digestive gland was the most responsive tissue to stress regarding the HSP70 protein induction compared with heat/foot and ovotestis. An induction peak of HSP70 was found after 48 hours of exposure to heat at 33 °C, and after 96 hours of exposure to CdCl2 at 0,22 ppm. Despite of the well known role of HSP70 in thermotolerance and tolerance to other stress agents in living organisms, it was the first time it was shown in B. glabrata, supporting its application in environmental monitoring studies. The results presented here open a way to future studies of this protein in the mollusc, and provide more basements to knowledge of B. glabrata.

Estudo da resposta do caramujo Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818) frente a estímulos ambientais estressores, com enfoque na proteína HSP70