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In the present study, the energy and environmental performance of hydrogen potential routes – biomass gasification systems by fixed bed and fluidized bed and the solar photovoltaic power plant – were studied based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. After reviewing the literature and analytical procedures description, the results of life cycle assessment are discussed in terms of Cumulative Energy Demand (CED), Energy Payback Time (EPBT) and damages related to Human Health (SH), Ecosystem Quality (QE) and Mineral and Fossil Fuels Resources (RMCF). Although the two gasification systems have similar energy and environmental performance, the LFL is more favorable for hydrogen production. Regarding the photovoltaic system, this has a greater EPBT (4.55 years) than those found in the two systems of biomass conversion (1.65 and 1.77 years in the LFL and LFX, respectively). On the other hand, the solar photovoltaic system is the more environmentally suitable for hydrogen production, since its contribution related to human health impact is smaller than gasification systems. Within the scope of the study, the evaluated systems have more features of complementarities than competition. In this case, we emphasize the importance of analyzing the economic and social factors that are relevant in each country or region, as well as the subsequent process for hydrogen production (purification and water electrolysis) also considering the entire life cycle of systems.

Avaliação do ciclo de vida de potenciais rotas de produção de hidrogênio: estudo dos sistemas de gaseificação da biomassa e de energia solar fotovoltaica