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Searching occurrences reports tilled between the years 1912 and 1920 which unlike most of the official documents of the period, inform the color and occupation and comparing them to the General Census of Brazil in 1872, it was found that many jobs held by slaves did not remain as occupation of former slaves or their descendants in the second decade of the twentieth century. Analyzing the academic formulations produced from the second half of the nineteenth century, which approached the racial relations in Brazil and guided the transition from slave to free labor, studying the law of the period, the governmental actions and business leaders to favor immigration and ethnic preferences of employers, we realize that this substantial decline of black people in the labor market was a consequence of that set of actions and elaborations. The exclusion of labor, land and the difficulty in accessing to education led black people to social and political marginalization, printing the Republic and the Brazilian capitalism, it said throughout the twentieth century, the brand of racial discrimination and the construction of an ideology the justification: racism. So prevented by the mechanisms of racial discrimination, were unsuccessful attempts to inclusion and social advancement of the descendants of slaves. Furthermore, the marginal condition that were relegated printed legitimacy ideological argumentation that credited them responsibility for their exclusion and therefore reinforced the marginalization they have undergone.

O negro no mercado de trabalho em São Paulo pós-abolição - 1912/1920