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In the summer of 2007-2008, Brazil registered a "media epidemic" of yellow fever, produced from the media coverage of the wild form of the disease, which, according to health authorities and experts, was within the expected epidemiological patterns. Strongly seated in repertoires of health risk, the news shifted the event from its wild form, spatially restricted and limited risk to the urban form, with its epidemic character and potentially more serious. The meanings produced by the media impact throughout the national immunization system and exposed to unnecessary risk people who have been vaccinated against yellow fever, encouraged by the journalistic discourse and against the recommendations of the Ministry of Health, which led to four deaths from vaccine virus. Anchored in the theoretical and methodological frameworks of communication and health studies, with an emphasis on media social theory, specifically in its journalistic aspect, and discursive practices and production of meanings in everyday life, this thesis sought to understand the production process of this media epidemic and some of its developments in the daily lives of the actors involved in the phenomenon (managers and health professionals, media professionals and users of immunization services). To this end, public domain document analyzes were performed (newspaper articles and ministerial communications) and 14 interviews with actors directly involved in / with the news (managers, health professionals, press officers, journalists from the general press, and vaccinated users). The analysis was carried out under four major themes: the narrative production process, the use of risk repertoires, the fable of the vaccine and the translation of technical and scientific knowledge. It is concluded that “media epidemic” was primarily a result of news production mode (newsmaking), having been throughout the coverage, strongly crossed by two ideological forces (objectivity and professionalism), in an effort to set the journalistic narrative as a mirror of a nonexistent epidemic reality. The oligopolistic model of the country's communication and failures in government response strategies also contributed to the production of the media epidemic of yellow fever. Understood as an unprecedented crisis, the phenomenon is evaluated as an opportunity to open the debate on the relationship between the general press and the Brazilian public health, especially in a view of the construction of a public specific and counterhegemonic communication policy to the Unified Health System (SUS).

Epidemia midiática de febre amarela: desdobramentos e aprendizados de uma crise de comunicação na saúde pública brasileira