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Unbalance in the development of the mouth microbiota can originate some pathologies, dental cavity being among them a chronic disease contagious, of multifactorial etiology, but extremely related to the Streptococcus mutans bacteria, which, through its fermentative metabolism, destroys tooth mineralized structures. Besides that, the increase in resistance to antibiotic therapy, due to the existence of biofilm (also formed by S. mutans) and to non successful bactericide treatments, makes alternative antimicrobial techniques development an important focus in this research area. So, in search of new methodologies against microorganisms studies using the Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) have been employed to achieve inactivation of bacteria such as S. mutans. PDT is a therapeutical modality in which there is an integration of a visible light, a dye and oxygen, when they interact, there is the production of different reactive oxygen species (ROS’s) which will lead to a sequence of biological events, resulting in a possible cellular death or inactivation, including microorganisms such as S. mutans. The aim of this work was to evaluate the action of PDT on S. mutans in planktonic medium or forming biofilm. So, the standardized methodology allowed the cultivation of bacteria in liquid media (planktonic) or in the biofilm form, making it possible to do tests with the application of the photodynamic therapy. The analysis of the growth curves allowed the evaluation of the anaerobic metabolism of S. mutans, which consumes fermentable sugars (glucose, fructose, sucrose and maltose), and is apt in acid production. According to what is was proposed, a Hand Held Photopolymerizer was used as light source in PDT. This light is sent in variable wave lengths (made possible thanks to the change of the light filter in the equipment) which photoactivate the different dyes used, such as Rose bengal, Protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) and the Zinc Phtalocyanine. These photosensitive agents, after being irradiated, produce reactive oxygen species, specially the singlet oxygen, which leads to the bacterial inactivation observed in the experiments done. Nonetheless, the light concentrations and dyes used in the bacterial inactivation have shown low toxicity values for fibroblasts cultures.

Ação de corantes fotossensíveis em meio homogêneo e micro heterogêneo de lipossomos no controle do crescimento de Streptococcus mutans