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Almeida F. Reproductive alterations caused by infection by Wolbachia pipientis in Culex quinquefasciatus [Ph. D. thesis (Biology of Host-Pathogen Relationship)]. São Paulo: Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo; 2012. Wolbachia belongs to the group of -proteobacteria and was first reported in the early twentieth century. Since then, this endosymbiont was detected in dozens of invertebrate species and the effects of these bacteria in the reproduction of their hosts have been increasingly studied. Among the effects of infection by Wolbachia one may cite: parthenogenesis, male-killing, feminilization, alterations in reproductive fitness and cytoplasmic incompatibility. This study evaluated and compared physiological and reproductive differences between Culex quinquefasciatus infected and non-infected with Wolbachia. We noted that the mosquito larvae of both groups exhibited the same survival rate, although non-infected ones developed faster to adulthood. Uninfected adult females have higher ability to lay eggs, lay more eggs and those eggs have higher viability. In contrast, infected females live longer when fed with blood, and require less time after blood feeding to lay eggs. Our studies indicate that there are quantitative differences concerning the amounts of proteins in the ovaries of mosquitoes during vitellogenic stage between two colonies. The fact that non-infected mosquitoes have better reproductive fitness may be related to differences in the amount of vitellogenin, the major protein on vitellogenic process, which are produced by fat body and incorporated by oocytes through vitellogenin receptor. But these differences are not related with differencial transcription of vitellogenin receptor or vitellogenin genes. We noted that wing size is not significantly altered by the infection, although infected mosquitoes showed higher bilateral wing asymmetry.

Alterações reprodutivas causadas pela infecção por Wolbachia pipientis em Culex quinquefasciatus.