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This work had as an initial objective to evaluate the acute oxidative stress after surgical trauma, through the activation of NF-KB, which is a stress sensitive endonuclease, studied on Wistar rats’ cortical bone.For this purpose the technique for inclusion with glycolmethacrilate acrylic (Technovit® 7200VLC) was modified in order to promote a reaction between the antibody and the studied samples using an immunohistochemical method known as a streptavidina-biotine technique.In this study 140 male rats, weighting approximately 350g were divided in 6 groups: 1. In the group where the purpose was to determine the curve of activation, peak of activation of NF-KB was determined on Wistar rats’ cortical bone in the period of six hours. 1. In the group where irrigation was used, a reduction of NF-KB activation was noticed in the zero position, in the periosteal region. Despite these results it was not statically significant when compared to the control group (6h group for the determination of the curve activation). 2. In the group where Ti implants were used a reduction in the NF-KB activation was noticed on the entire cortical bone surface but it was not significant compared to the control group. 3. In the adrenalectomized group the results were similar to those in groups previously presented although a significant increase was noticed in the knee area. 4. The dexamethasone group presented a significant increase in the positive immunoreactivity of this endonuclease on Wistar rats’ cortical bone. 5. In the organic compound group a significant decrease of the positive immunoreactive endonuclease compared to the other groups. In the present work, it was noticed that the immunoreactivity of the NF-KB was not restricted to the injured region, but the reaction was extended to the entire cortical bone with an increase in the region of the knee. Conclusions: 1. The immunohistochemical method may be applied to non-decalcified bone tissue and included to glycolmethacrilate (Technovit® 7200VLC). 2. The titanium implants do not present bone integration at a period of just few hours to its insertion causing some difficulties to evaluate a biomaterial and the adjacent bone area using the immunochemistry method. 3. The organic compound was effective in the reduction of the immunoreactivity of NF-KB significantly reducing the activation of the endonuclease immunoreactivity on Wistar rats’ cortical bone. 4. More studies are required to the use of Dexamethasone as anti-inflammatory medicament on the surgical treatments.

Avaliação do estresse oxidativo agudo após trauma cirúrgico realizado em tecido ósseo de ratos wistar.