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In this work a study with the biodegradable polyester P[3HB] (poly[R-3hydroxybutyrate]) and its copolymer P[3HB-co-3HV] (poly[R-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3hydroxyvalerate]) was conducted. These materials are known for their high biodegradability but their use is still limited because of their poor mechanical properties. In order to improve these properties it was chosen to blend these biodegradable polymers with EPDM (Ethylene propylene diene monomer) and PVB (Polyvinyl butyral). Four groups of blends were obtained: P[3HB]/EPDM and P[3HB-co-3HV]/EPDM blends were prepared using an internal mixer and then compressed molded; P[3HB]/PVB and P[3HB]/EPDM blends were prepared using an extruder and further injected. The blend concentrations ranged from 10 to 30 wt. % of the rubbery phase. Initially, the effect of rubber type on the crystallinity, the crystalline structure, thermal and dynamic-mechanical properties of the matrices and the effect of processing method to obtain the blends were investigated. The addition of elastomers on P[3HB] (and P[3HB-co3HV]) increases the nucleation, resulting in an increase of matrix crystallinity. PVB showed a plasticizing effect on the P[3HB] structure. Film samples showed a higher thermal degradation than injected ones, resulting in a slower crystallization and higher crystallinity. The morphology, interfacial tension, rheological behavior, mechanical properties (tensile and impact) and biodegradability of samples were also studied. A droplet dispersion morphology type was obtained for all the blends except for P[3HB]/EPDM injected samples which presented some extent of degree of continuity. The experimental results indicated that the final morphology observed for the blends was controlled by the viscosity ratio between the matrix and dispersed phase. Elastomer addition increased P[3HB] impact strength mainly for P[3HB]/EPDM blends, probably due to its co-continuous morphology. Moreover, elastomer incorporation resulted in a decrease of P[3HB] elastic moduli and tensile strength and increase of elongation of break, mainly for P[3HB]/PVB blends. It was observed that P[3HB] and P[3HB-co-3HV] biodegradation increased with elastomer addition due to the droplet dispersion morphology and decrease of spherulites size witch causes an increase of interfacial area for enzymes, facilitating biodegradation.

Obtenção e caracterização de misturas do polímero biodegradável P[3HB] e seu copolímero P[3HB-co-3HV] com elastômeros.