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Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most frequent malignant tumor of the oral cavity. In spite of improved therapeutic procedures, patients with OSCC in advanced stage generally present a poor prognosis, with an overall 5-year survival rate that ranges from 20% to 40%. An extensive effort has started to identify features of the oral tumors that predict treatment response and prognosis. The metallothionein (MT), a low-molecular weight protein with high cysteine content, seems to be related to neoplastic resistance to oncologic treatment and therefore has been studied as a prognostic factor for a variety of human malignant tumors. The nuclear factor кB (NFкB) plays an important role in the activation of the genes that code for immunity, survival, inflammation, apoptosis and in the cell protection for radiation and chemotherapy. The serine/threonine protein kinase Akt is a downstream target of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and it plays a key regulator of cancerous cell growth. Therefore, we have examined the MT, NF-kB and pAkt expression in 51 samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma by immunohistochemistry in order to investigate their prognostic influence on oral cancer, as well as studying the correlations between clinical factors and patient survival. The results showed a significant association between pAkt and NF-kB and between MT and NF-kB expression in tumor tissue. Besides pAkt over-expression was found in OSCC clinical samples and its expression was significantly associated with a poor overall patient survival. In conclusion, our findings suggested that pAkt expression may have therapeutic implications in squamous cell carcinoma.

Avaliação imunoistoquímica das proteínas metalotioneína, pAKT e NF-kB como marcadores de prognóstico de carcinomas epidermóides de boca