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In the present, the obturation techniques with termoplasticized gutta-percha have been proving efficiency in adaptation of the filling material to the walls of the root canal system, promoting a three-dimensional sealing. Even so, with the use of these techniques, there is difficulty in the longitudinal control during the obturation, that could cause the extrusion of the filling material in direction to the perirradicular tissues, influencing the healing after endodontic treatment. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro the apical extrusion of four thermoplasticized obturation techniques, Thermafil, Obtura II, Ultrafil 3D and Fused, with a new methodology of volume’s measurement of the extruded filling material, relating with the frequency of the visual extrusion of gutta-percha and/or sealer and the final radiographic's quality of obturation. The results demonstrated that the methodology of the measurement system was effective to quantify the volume of the extruded filling material, verifying extrusion in all the thermoplasticized techniques studied, even so, quantitatively, the experimental groups didn't present statistically significant differences among the averages of volumes. In the radiographic evaluation of the final quality of thermoplasticized obturation, there are evidences that Obtura II technique produced endodontic obturation with qualities statistically inferior of the other techniques. In general, we can consider that Thermafil, Ultrafil 3D and Fused techniques presented similar results in relation to the volume of the extruded filling material and the final radiographic's quality of obturation, while Thermafil and Fused techniques exhibited more favorable results in relation to frequency of visual extrusion of gutta-percha and/or sealer. Key-words: Root canal obturation Thermoplasticized gutta -percha Apical extrusion. LISTA DE ILUSTRAÇÕES Figura 4.2.1 Sistema de mensuração (vista lateral) 50 Figura 4.2.2 Sistema de mensuração (vista frontal) 50 Figura 4.2.3 Vasos comunicantes50 Figura 4.2.4. Escala graduada50 Figura 4.2.5 Dente posicionado no sistema de mensuração de volume51 Figura 4.2.6 Forno Thermaprep Plus 53 Figura 4.2.7 Aquecedor Obtura II 53 Figura 4.2.8 Aquecedor Hygenic54 Figura 4.2.9 -Técnica Fusionada54 Figura 5.1 Médias de volume de material obturador extruído dos grupos experimentais, expressos em μl 61 Figura 5.2 Thermafil (G1) – espécime no 3 69 Figura 5.3 Thermafil (G1) – espécime no 7 69 Figura 5.4 Obtura II (G2) – espécime no 5 69 Figura 5.5 Obtura II (G2) – espécime no 1369 Figura 5.6 Ultrafil 3D (G3) – espécime no 4 69 Figura 5.7 Ultrafil 3D (G3) – espécime no 1469 Figura 5.8 Fusionada (G4) – espécime no 7 70 Figura 5.9 Fusionada (G4) – espécime no 2 70 Figura 5.10 Controle Positivo (GCP) – espécime no 1 70 Figura 5.11 Controle Positivo (GCP) – espécime no 2 70

Avaliação quantitativa e qualitativa da extrusão apical em técnicas de obturação termoplastificada.