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Scorpionicidal activity of secondary metabolites from Paecilomyces formosus in vivo bioassays with Tityus serrulatus Lutz & Mello, 1922 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) Urban pests pose enormous risks to the health of our communities, in a synanthropic relationship in which venomous arthropods play a primordial role. Control initiatives are carried out in regions of high incidence, such as in the municipality of Americana, São Paulo State, through mechanical capture of scorpions in cemeteries since 2006. During these activities, it was verified that the scorpions avoided environments with the presence of filamentous fungi, raising the hypothesis that there would be a possible biological barrier harmful to them. In this context, this work aimed to study the interactions between isolates of filamentous fungi and scorpions harvested from the same environment through five stages of bioassays. The data obtained were statistically analyzed, considering a randomized block design. The F test of the analysis of variance was performed at the 5% level of significance. The means of each environment tested from each bioassay were compared by the Tukey test (α = 0.05). The results indicated two isolates of fungi (Mucor sp. and Phialophora sp.) with higher potential for repellency and three isolates (Paecilomyces sp., Rhizopus sp. and Fusarium sp.) with a higher mortality to T. serrulatus. In sequence, the isolates of Paecilomyces sp. and Rhizopus sp. were selected with indication of higher mortality. The crude extracts of those isolates were submitted to liquid-liquid partitions with ethyl acetate and water to obtain active fractions, with evaluation of a higher scorpionicidal effect for the acetate fraction of Paecilomyces sp. The acetate fraction of Paecilomyces sp. was subjected to a solid phase extraction with 19 resulting fractions, again submitted to thin layer chromatography, with the selection of six fractions by similarity. Two active fractions (C and D) presented a higher scorpionicidal effect and were analyzed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry, resulting in an active compound of 375 Da molar mass. In the Dictionary of Natural Products (CHEMnetBASE) database were found 137 secondary metabolites compatible with this compound but without reference to insecticidal activity that was associated with the scorpionicidal effect demonstrated in the bioassays. The molecular identification of Paecilomyces sp. indicated a 569 bp sequence for the species Paecilomyces formosus.

Atividade escorpionicida de metabólitos secundários de Paecilomyces formosus em bioensaios in vivo com Tityus serrulatus Lutz &amp; Mello, 1922 (Scorpiones: Buthidae)