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Potato Cultivars for Organic Production An increasing demand for organic potato and other vegetable crops in Brazil represent a considerable opportunity and a challenge for organic growers. So far, limited research has been conducted on organic potato production in Brazil pertaining to fertilization, cultivar adaptation, and pest management for organic potato systems. Yields in organic potato production are usually lower than in conventional production systems, because the crop is subject to many pests and physiological disorders. Furthermore, potato cultivars adapted to organic systems are unavailable in the market. Thus, European and North American cultivars developed for conventional crops that have high yielding potential and tolerance to the most limiting diseases and physiological disorders are used by the organic growers. The aim of this study was to evaluate under organic production on-farming conditions, potato cultivars bred in Brazil and abroad adapted for conventional growing systems, in terms of yield potential and qualities. The experiments were conducted in 2007 and 2008, in two locations: a) Agro-ecological Experimental Station of the Polo Regional do Leste Paulista/APTA, in Monte Alegre do Sul SP County; b) Pereiras agro-ecological farm, Socorro-SP County. A randomized block experimental design was adopted with four replicates. The treatments consisted of the cultivars Agata, Apuã (IAC-5977), Aracy (IAC-2), Asterix, Caesar, Catucha (Epagri361), Cupido, Éden, IAC Aracy Ruiva, Itararé (IAC-5986), Melody, Monte Alegre 172, Novella, and Vivaldi, in addition to the advanced clones IAC 6090 (Ibituaçú), APTA 16.5, APTA 15.20 and APTA 21.54. In each experiment there were trialed at least 10 cultivars. The other cultivars or advanced clones were included at least in one experiment. The following parameters were evaluated: total and commercial yield, total and commercial number of tubers, dry matter content, reducing and total sugars, severity of potato late blight (Phytophthora infestans) and early blight (Alternaria solani). In 2007, in Monte Alegre do Sul, the cultivars Apuã (14.32 t ha), Monte Alegre, 172 (13.44 t ha), and Ibituaçú (12.75 t ha) displayed the highest yield performance. In the same year, in Socorro, Ibituaçú (21.27 t ha) exhibited the highest yield among trialed cultivars. In 2008, in Monte Alegre do Sul the advanced clones APTA 16.5 (24.25 t ha), APTA 21.54 (23.21 t ha), Ibituaçú (20.19 t ha), and cultivars Cupido (18.03 t ha), Apuã (17.08 t ha), Itararé (16.66 t ha), and Monte Alegre 172 (16.18 t ha) showed high yielding performance. In the same year, in Socorro, the treatments APTA 16.5 (21.02 t ha), APTA 21.54 (19.28 t ha), Ibituaçú (19.88 t ha), and Apuã (18.72 t ha) showed outstanding yield performance. The dry matter and reducing sugars in all genotypes showed higher and lower, respectively, in relation to those found in the literature. ‘APTA 16.5’, ‘Apuã’, ‘Aracy’, ‘Aracy Ruiva’, ‘Éden’, ‘Ibituaçú’ and ‘Monte Alegre 172’ exhibited moderate to high level of field tolerance to early blight, displaying few or absence of the disease symptoms. ́Apuã’, ‘Aracy’, ‘Catucha’, ‘Ibituaçú’ and ‘Monte Alegre 172’ showed the highest level of resistance to late blight.

Cultivares para o sistema orgânico de produção de batata