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Multicriteria Evaluation, in a GIS environment, in the definition of priority areas for forest restoration aiming at the conservation of water resources Reforestation in river basins, mainly through forest restoration, has been pointed out as one of the most feasible and cheapest solutions for the issue of good-quality water production for human consumption. Conservation actions are strategic for the reduction of the cost of water treatment. Nevertheless, even forest restoration being one of the cheapest solutions, it presents a relatively high cost, needing a plan to point out priority areas for the investment, of limited financial resources, in reforestation. Different approaches can be employed in the determination of those areas, like the use of hydrologic models, sediment yield indices etc., but the need of representation of the spatial distribution of the areas to be restored makes the use of Geographic Information Systems indispensable, due to their ability of spatial data analysis. In the last years, several methods for the determination of priority areas, running in GIS, have been developed, standing out those based on multicriteria analysis. The difference among the methods resides in the way they aggregate the criteria, mainly regarding the manner they deal with issues such as risk and trade-off. Thus, this study had the objective to analyze the Multicriteria Evaluation, in a GIS environment, through the comparison between the methods of Weighted Linear Combination and Ordered Weighted Averaging, in the generation of maps of priority areas for forest restoration, in the Corumbatai river basin, State of Sao Paulo, aiming at the conservation of water resources. The factors used were the land-use adequacy, soil erodibility, erosivity, proximity to roads and proximity to the drainage network, all of them represented by raster maps, where each factor was standardized to a 256-value continuous scale. The factor weights were determined with the help of a pairwise comparison matrix. Factors aggregation was performed in a raster-based GIS, with the methods under evaluation. In the case of the Ordered Weighted Averaging, two different scenarios, regarding the levels of risk and trade-off among factors, were studied. The results obtained were maps of priority areas, with levels of priority represented on a continuous way, from 0 to 255. In order to make it easy the visualization and also the analysis of the results generated by the three scenarios, the maps were re-classified, to show only five levels of priority, from very low through very high. From the results obtained it was possible to conclude that the Multicriteria Evaluation, in a GIS environment, fits well to the mapping of priority areas for forest restoration, aiming at the conservation of water resources, and that the method of Ordered Weighted Averaging is the more adequate to the prioritization of areas, due to its flexibility, accommodating the concept of trade-off among factors. Such characteristic allows a more detailed mapping of the priority areas, which results smaller and more numerous than the ones generated by the Weighted Linear Combination.

Avaliação Multicritérios, em ambiente SIG, na definição de áreas prioritárias à restauração florestal visando à conservação de recursos hídricos.