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MOREIRA, R. C. Mechanical evaluation of strength of ricinus communis polyurethane and chitosan with calcium phosphate cement on filling of bone gap in equine third metacarpal bone. [Avaliação da resistência mecânica à compressão axial da poliuretana de mamona e quitosana associada a cimento de fosfato de cálcio no preenchimento de falhas ósseas do terceiro metacarpiano de equinos]. 2014. 117 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências) – Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2014. Adult horses are heavy animals equipped with bones strong enough to support their body weight. High energy trauma is required to produce comminuted fractures, where bone loss may prevent proper fracture reduction and compromise osteosynthesis resistance and stability. In horses, aside from behavioural issues, low success rates associated with comminuted fracture resolution may be due to the complexity of such fractures or the low resistance of bone implants. Therefore, osteoconductive biomaterials with good mechanical resistance would potentially benefit treatment outcomes. This ex vivo study evaluated the biomechanical behaviour of two bone surrogate biomaterials in experimental third metacarpal fractures in horses. Thirty equine third metacarpal bone specimens were submitted to dorsal LCP (locking compression plate) osteosynthesis following creation of a transverse 1 cm wide middiaphiseal defect. Defects were filled either with Ricinus communis polyurethane or calcium phosphate cement-chitosan composite. Ten specimens were submitted to non-destructive biomechanical testing under 1000N maximum load; construct stiffness, construct deformation and isolated deformation of LCP and third metacarpal bone in different regions were evaluated. The remaining 20 specimens were submitted to destructive biomechanical testing; maximum load and deformation within the elastic limit, and to failure were documented. Bone defect repair with RCP or CPC-chitosan composite increased construct stiffness from 699,39N/mm to 2905.38N/mm and 4274.93N/mm and decreased construct deformation under 1000N from 1.73mm to 0,5mm and 0.35 respectively. LCP deformation under 1000N decreased from 2260.64μd to 320.25μd and from 2260.64μd to 89.88μd following filling of the bone defect with RCP or CPC-chitosan composite respectively. Bone deformation around the defect increased following treatment with RCP or CPCchitosan composite. However bone deformation away from the defect remained unchanged. Maximum load within the elastic limit increased from 1008N to 8804N when the experimental defect was filled with chitosan composite. Conversely, construct deformation within the elastic limit decreased from 1.64mm to 1.26mm following treatment with RCP. Maximum load to construct failure increased from 1660N to 15187N and 11012N following bone defect repair with RCP or calcium phosphate cement-chitosan composite respectively. However, construct maximum deformation decreased from 5.4mm to 2.16mm when calcium phosphate cementchitosan composite was used.

Avaliação da resistência mecânica à compressão axial da poliuretana de mamona e quitosana associada a cimento de fosfato de cálcio no preenchimento de falhas ósseas do terceiro metacarpiano de equinos