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OBJECTIVE   To determine the  trans  fatty acids content of processed foods frequently consumed by adults living in a Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, after the enactment of a mandatory  trans  fatty acids labelling policy.    METHODS   Between February 2014 and January 2015, a specifically dietary questionnaire was completed by 107 adults to assess the frequency of processed foods consumption. The most commonly consumed products from the survey, including vegetable oils, margarine, biscuits, snacks, cheese bread ( pão de queijo ), french fries, cheeseburger and ice cream, were then analyzed for their  trans  fatty acids content using gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector.    RESULTS   Differences in the levels of  trans  fatty acids were observed among 22 products analyzed, considering that  trans  fatty acids content ranged between 0.0 g/100 g in samples of cream cracker biscuit 1 and olive oil to 0.83 g/100 g in samples of cheeseburger (fast food), 0.51 g/100 g in samples of frozen  pão de queijo  and 12.92 g/100 g in samples of chocolate sandwich cookies with cream filling 2. The overall  trans  fatty acids content of the different samples of margarine brands was 0.20 g/100 g for brand 1 and 0.0 g/100 g for brand 2. These data are significantly lower than those observed in a survey conducted in 2003, when the regulation had been enacted.    CONCLUSIONS   Our data indicate that Brazilian regulation is very likely implicated in the observed drop in  trans  fatty acids of the most processed foods but has yet to eliminate them, which reinforces the urgent need to revise the legislation, since a minimum amount of  trans  fat does not mean that the food product does not contain this type of fat.

Were policies in Brazil effective to reducing trans fat from industrial origin in foods?