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Resumo Este artigo analisa o ecoturismo enquanto atividade geradora de melhorias economica, social e de preservacao ambiental nos municipios piauienses de Coronel Jose Dias e Sao Raimundo Nonato, onde se localiza o Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara (PNSC). Nesse sentido, analisaram-se as condicoes da infra-estrutura receptiva dos municipios e do Parque, abordaram-se demanda e oferta turisticas e avaliaram-se as potencialidades e limitacoes do PNSC para o ecoturismo. A pesquisa demonstrou que 49,89% dos ecoturistas estariam dispostos a pagar pela manutencao das funcoes do PNSC e que 95,79% dos visitantes reconheceram sua importância patrimonial, historica e cultural. Ademais, constatou-se a necessidade de investimentos na melhoria da infra-estrutura urbana. Logo, infere-se que a atividade proporciona a preservacao ambiental, mas ainda nao se traduz em progressiva melhoria das condicoes de vida das comunidades locais. Palavras-chave: ecoturismo; valoracao contingente; unidade de conservacao.  Abstract This essay examines ecotourism as an activity capable of generating economical and social improvement as well as of helping preserving the environment in the municipalities of Coronel Jose Dias and Sao Raimundo Nonato, Piaui, where is located the Serra da Capivara National Park (PNSC, in Portuguese). In that sense, I analyzed the situation of the receptive infrastructure found in the two cities and in the park, the tourism supply and demand, and potentialities and limitations for ecotourism in the Serra da Capivara National Park. The research demonstrated that 49.89% of the ecotourists would pay for the maintenance of the several functions of the park and that 95.79% of the visitors acknowledge the historical and cultural value of the park as well as its importance as a heritage site. I also perceived that investments for improving the urban infrastructure will be needed. Therefore, I conclude that the activity provides environmental preservation, but has not yet been translated into improvement in the quality of life for local communities. Keywords: ecotourism; contingent valuation; conservation unity.

Ecoturismo no Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara: trata-se de uma prática sustentável?