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Neste trabalho, abordamos questoes relativas as situacoes de pobreza vivenciadas por uma parcela significativa dos trabalhadores brasileiros na contemporaneidade. Na parte inicial do artigo revisamos autores que tratam da questao da pobreza, seja atraves das ideias de marginalizacao, inclusao marginal ou desqualificacao social. Entende-se que a reconstrucao historica do processo de desqualificacao social pode ajudar a compreender como as estruturas sociais impoem-se aos atores com poder constitutivo, forjando modos de subjetivacao e atuando sobre a base psicossocial dos individuos. Na segunda parte, propomos a utilizacao de conceitos teoricos de Boaventura de Sousa Santos na pesquisa social com sujeitos em situacao de desqualificacao social, como referencial capaz de dar conta (pelo menos parcialmente) da compreensao dessa complexa realidade. Palavras-chave: Pobreza, Desqualificacao social, Sociologia das ausencias. Conceptuals possibilities of sociology of absences in contexts of social unqualification In this work, we develop issues on situations of poverty experienced by a significant share of Brazilian workers in contemporaneity. In the first part of the article, we review authors who deal with poverty issues, be it through the ideas of marginalization, marginal inclusion or social unqualification. It is assumed that the historic reconstruction of the social unqualification process can help understand how social structures stand out before actors with constitutive power, making up subjectivation modes and acting on the psychosocial base of individuals. In the second part, we propose the usage of theoretic concepts by Boaventura de Sousa Santos in his social research with subjects under situation of social unqualification, as a referential source capable of explaining, at least partly, this complex reality.

Possibilidades conceituais da sociologia das ausências em contextos de desqualificação social