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Brighente KBS. PCR evaluation for identification of natural infection in sandflies by Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum in a micro area of Dracena city, São Paulo. [dissertation]. São Paulo: Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo da Universidade de São Paulo; 2016. The minimum infection rate (MIR) in sandflies is a useful information for epidemiological studies on leishmaniasis. When these field studies consider large numbers of insects, PCR is indicated for identification and characterization of Leishmania in the vectors. This study evaluated a PCR in the identification of natural (MIR) by Leishmania spp. in Lutzomyia longipalpis and, at the same time, determined MIR by Leishmania spp in a micro region endemic in São Paulo State . In the first part of this study, the performance evaluation of conventional PCR (cPCR) and real-time PCR (qPCR) were carried out on 66 intestinal contents samples of non-xenodiagnostic sandflies (30 positive and 36 negative). The material contained in the slides was transferred to tubes with sterile saline solution and frozen at -20 ° C for about 12 months. The molecular markers used were RV1 / RV2 for L. (L.) infantum in cPCR; E Linj31 for sub genus (L.) Leishmania on qPCR. From the 30 positive samples, 20 (67%) and 21 (70%) were positive using the RV1 / RV2 and Linj31 markers, respectively. From the 36 negative xenodiagnostic samples, 2 (5%) were positive in all molecular markers. In the second part, we analyzed insects captured during 2 to 3 nights / month for 11 months (January to November 2012) using 10 CDC automatic light traps around a kennel in a transition between urban and suburb of Dracena. Capture areas were grouped into 3 zones to determine MIR. A total of 1,690 Lu. longipalpis were captured during the study period. From these, 292 (17.25%) were female sand flies and were grouped into 165 pools (1 to 5 insects) for DNA extraction and PCR analysis. Positive results for L. (L.) infantum in cPCR and qPCR were seen in 7.28% (12/165) and 4.85% (8/165) of the samples, respectively. These data confirm that the specimens captured in the study area were infected by L. (L.) infantum. The MIR during the 11 months of captures was 4.10% (292 females collected). The highest MIR ecotopes were kennel, chicken coop and house 2. Infected sandflies were presented at capture sites with host abundance. The highest number of positive pools (6/93) was obtained in henhouse, however the highest MIR was obtained in a domicile (1/6) 16.67%. Descriptors: Visceral Leishmaniasis, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Epidemiology, Traps.

Identificação por PCR de infecção natural de flebotomíneos por Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum em uma micro-área do município de Dracena, São Paulo