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COELHO, G. G. R. Fiscal Impacts of political turnout: a study on the adoption of biometric registration in Brazilian municipalities. According to mainstream theory, elected governments adopt policies in order to address the preferences of the median voter. However, low turnout rates can lead to a difference between the preference of voters and the preference of the population as a whole. Despite compulsory voting, Brazil stands out among other countries as it computed high rates of abstention during recent elections. Biometric registration represents an opportunity for the study of the mechanisms behind the decision of voting, which ultimately impacts public policies. By means a methodology that combines instrumental variables and differences in differences, we find evidence that the biometric registration increased, on average, eight percentage points the turnout rate in the cities that have already been completed the registration. This increase of turnout, in turn, decreased health and social assistance expenditures. In addition, the study of the biometric registration has no precedent in the Brazilian Political Economy literature, as it provides a mechanism to verify how the enfranchisement of individuals with higher education affects public expenditure, and unusual fact in the traditional literature, which focuses on the enfranchisement of less educated voters. Key-words: Elections; Electoral registration; Turnout; Fiscal policy Lista de ilustrações Figura 1 – Eleitor Mediano Ponderado . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Figura 2 – Equipamentos utilizados para coleta biométrica . . . . . . . . . 28 Figura 3 – Abstenção municipal Brasil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Figura 4 – Abstenção municipal por UF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Figura 5 – Títulos Cancelados por UF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Figura 6 – Evolução do Eleitorado (AL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Figura 7 – Modelos Estimados . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Figura 8 – Histogramas Por ano . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Figura 9 – Histogramas Amostra Completa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Figura 10 – Abstenção (% do eleitorado) amostra pareada . . . . . . . . . 48

Impactos fiscais da participação eleitoral: um estudo sobre a adoção do recadastramento biométrico nos municípios brasileiros