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LEITE, J. M. R. S. Heritability and Genome-Wide Association Study of Self-reported Physical Activity A brazilian family-based investigation. 2019. Master’s Thesis Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, 2019. The onset of DNA sequencing technologies and its revolution in Science generates an unprecedent and large amount of molecular information. Thus, the current studies in multiple areas aim to evaluate the association between hundreds to thousands of genetic variants and phenotypes of interest. Among these variants, the ones that have received most of the focus are Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) and Copy Number Variations (CNVs), which have been implicated in the variability and manifestation of multiple phenotypes, including the ones related to physical activity and sports performance. In Brazil, some initiatives have brought light to the genetic contribution in these features, such as the project Atletas do Futuro and the project Corações de Baependi. The later is a pioneer study that considers the pedigree structure of a highly admixed population with a unique and rich amount of molecular and phenotypic information. Thus, our role is to investigate the role of genetic variants, in particular SNPs and CNVs, in the manifestation of sedentary behaviour and practice of light, moderate and vigorous physical activity, checking for the existence of heterogeneity related to sex. SNP and CNV information was acquired through the Affymetrics TM 6.0 SNP Array, processed and cleaned, leading to a final number of 843,039 SNPs. and 8,794 CNVs. Sedentarism and physical activity data of 760 individuals were gathered through the IPAQ-SF and adjusted by a measure of metabolic energy cost named metabolic equivalent tasks (METs). The descriptive analysis showed a total physical activity prevalence of 55.3% and men’s one was higher than women’s. In addition, using linear mixed polygenic model and the variance components approach, we estimated the heritability of these phenotypes obtaining the values 0.21, 0.11, 0.22 e 0.28 for total, weak, moderate-vigorous physical activities and sedentary behaviour, respectively. There was sex-related heterogeneity in the h2, with men having higher estimates than women for most of the evaluated phenotypes. In addition, GWAS of SNPs and CNVs showed several potential candidate markers, especially after using a more flexible significance criteria. These markers were present mainly in chromosomes 3, 5 and 6, and their possible biological functions remain to be clarified through annotation procedures, using databases such as SCAN.

Herdabilidade e Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla (GWAS) de atividade física autorreportada: uma investigação de famílias brasileiras