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TALARICO, S.T. Detection and quantification of anaerobic bacteria in the fecal microbiota of children aged zero to twelve months of age. 2012. 75f. (Dissertacao de Mestrado). Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 2012. The sequence of bacterial events that occurs during the colonization of the gastrointestinal tract may affect the future health of the host, particularly with respect to the regulation of the naive immune system. A clear understanding of the colonization process of the human neonatal gut in developing countries is lacking because the few available studies were mostly performed using culture techniques. The aim of this study was to detect and quantify the bacterial genera Bifidobacterium, Eubacterium, Lactobacillus and Lactococcus, important anaerobic components of the intestinal microbiota using real-time PCR. The study group comprised 10 children followed during the first year of life, living in low socioeconomic conditions in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Fecal samples were evaluated at times of 24 hours, 7 days, 30 days, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year. During the first year of life, there is an increased amount of Bifidobacterium spp. compared to others studied anaerobic bacteria, with averages ranging from 8,27x10 to 2,51x10 DNA copy number/g of feces. Lacotbacillus was also found in all studied time point, with averages ranging from 4,03x10 to 1,46x10 DNA copy number/g of feces. Bacterial genus Lactococcus is found in smaller quantities. The maximum counts of these genera were found between the third to sixth month of life. Although the genus Eubacterium is described as one of the leading members of the intestinal microbiota, this was found in samples of only 2 children. The inclusion of solid diet and change of type of feeding influences the composition of the microbiota, however, could not set a standard for the presence of these micro-organisms over the months, showing that the microbiota is unique and is subject to environmental interference.

Detecção e quantificação de bactérias anaeróbias na microbiota fecal de crianças de zero a 12 meses de idade