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MOREIRA, Tatiana. M. M.. Assessment of the viability of alternative biosorbents in the recovery of water bodies contaminated by oil spills. 2018. 109 p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear Materiais) – Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares – IPEN-CNEN/SP. São Paulo. Environmental accidents have been occurring for decades, then, in addition to attitudes to avoid such damages, remediation actions are required. Technological materials of low cost and environmental impact may be an alternative for the treatment of degraded water bodies, besides an environmentally sustainable way for remediation of streams and urban rivers. In this context, it was sought to evaluate, in the research, biosorbent materials to be used in accidents of spill of oil derivatives in aquatic environment. The fibers of the banana, coconut and orange crusts were used as raw material. Petrol and diesel were used as contaminants. The biosorbents were produced by processes such as, drying, chemical activation, milling, sorting, characterization and sorption tests. For the characterization, the techniques used were: picnometry, thermogravimetry, elemental analysis, electron microscopy, moisture content, water retention by dry biomass, hydrophobicity, buoyancy, ash content, X ray fluorescence and granulometric classification. For the treatment of the data, a statistical design was developed to identify the significant variables in the sorption process, equilibrium and sorption kinetics curves were constructed and modeled, using the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. To study the influence of granulometry on sorption, the tests were performed with the grains first generalized and later separated by different granulometries. The results were promising, with coconut being the most efficient biosorbent, it had an average of 3,94 g/g of diesel oil and 2,80 g/g of gasoline.

Avaliação da viabilidade de biossorventes alternativos na recuperação de corpos hídricos contaminados por derramamento de derivados do petróleo