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OTTO, N. B. Professionals, rivals and survivors: intersections of gender and violence in the narratives of girls who committed violent offenses. 162 f. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2017. This research analyses the biographical narratives of teenage girls who committed violent acts. I have collected 22 narratives of female juvenile offenders currently incarcerated due to violent offenses (homicide, attempted homicide, robbery murder, and kidnapping) at the Center for Social and Educational Services for Teenage Women, in Porto Alegre, Brazil. I aim at understanding how these girls’ representations of gender and physical violence (both suffered and committed) intersect in their biographical narratives. Thus, I investigate the connections they establish between their violent practices and the positions they occupy as young women in their social space. I focus on how gender practices that seem contrary to emphasized femininity (such as the practice of violence) are regulated and negotiated in these girls’ social context. I aim at understanding under which conditions the practice of physical violence is regarded as coherent with the girls’ femininity, and under which conditions it is not. Thus, this research inserts itself in the ongoing debate about whether it is agency (in the form of a resistance to gender norms) or social structure (in the form of victimization) that prevails in violent women’s practices and representations of gender. In order to escape this dichotomy, I analyse these narratives through the lens of Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of practice. Aiming at apprehending both material conditions and subjective meanings attributed to femininity and violence, I use the concept of narrative habitus, as established by Fleetwood, to analyse these stories. In this dissertation, I analyse eight narratives in depth, dividing them in four groups. Each group is composed by narratives which comprise similar associations between femininity and violence. These groups are: (i) narratives of girls who are directly involved in the drug trade; (ii) narratives of girls who attacked other women; (iii) narratives of girls who were forced to commit violence and (iv) narratives of girls who committed violence to defend themselves or others. I have found that girls perceive their violent acts as coherent to their femininity in some contexts. Thus, some violent practices do not put them in conflict with their feminine identity and are not perceived as a form of resistance to gender expectations. In these girls’ understanding, legitimate and intelligible reasons and positions to commit violence and maintain their status as women are: (i) as “professionals”, when they are in charge of the drug trade; (ii) as “rivals” or spouses, when they commit violence against other girls who threat their heterosexual relationships; and (iii) as “survivors”, when they feel they have no choice other than to commit violence, to protect themselves or others. I argue, then, that these girls do not deny emphasized femininity, but that the conditions under which this femininity is socially accepted and reproduced is transformed and negotiated in these girls’ social context to accommodate practices like violence.

Profissionais, rivais e sobreviventes: intersecções entre gênero e violência nas narrativas de meninas autoras de atos infracionais violentos