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BOCALON A. C. Cellular mechanisms activated by adrenergic agonists in the aorta of renal hypertensive rats with endothelial dysfunction. 2014. 84p. Dissertation (Master). Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 2014. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) plays important role on the arterial pressure control as well the vascular endothelium by relaxing and contractile factors release that modulates the vascular tone. The renovascular hypertension (2K-1C) is related to the increased production of oxygen reactive species, SNS hyperactivity and endothelium dysfunction. The hypothesis of this work is that the adrenoceptor (AR) agonists noradrenaline (NOR) and adrenaline (ADR), the endogenous catecholamine promote anti-contractile effect due to eNOS activation in 2K-1C rat aorta. This study aimed to investigate if AR activation by NOR or ADR leads to the increased activation of eNOS in 2K-1C rat aorta, and the mechanisms activated by these agonists. Concentration-effect curves were constructed for NOR or ADR, in intactendothelium or denuded aortas isolated from 2K-1C and 2K rats in the absence (control) or in the presence of the AR antagonists propranolol (β-AR) or yohimbine (α2-AR), or the non-selective NOS inhibitor, L-NAME. By using western blot, we have veryfied the the effects of activation of α-AR ou β-AR and the phosphorylation of NOS activation site Serine1177 (Ser) by NOR or ADR in intact endothelium aorta from 2K and 2K-1C and also whether the PI3K/AKT pathway and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are related to this phosphorylation. We evaluated by flow cytometry the NO production in the isolated endotelial cells from 2K and 2K-1C. Plasma and tissue (adrenal) levels of NOR and ADR were measured by HPLC. In the vascular reactivity studies, we evaluated the potency (pD2) and efficacy (Emax) of the agonists in inducing contraction. The Emax induced by NOR was lower in 2K-1C than in 2K rat probably due to the higher activity of eNOS as shown by the effect of L-NAME. The most interesting finding was in 2K-1C aorta that NOR increases the Ser phosphorylation via α-AR activation that involves the signaling trough PI3K/AKT and H2O2. There is no differences in NOR at the plasma and tissue levels between 2K-1C and 2K. ADR activates more eNOS in 2K-1C rat aorta as shown by the effect of LNAME. It could contribute to the lower Emax of ADR in 2K-1C than in 2K. However, ADR increased Ser phosphorylation via β-AR activation in 2K-1C rat aorta, which does not involve PI3K/AKT and H2O2 pathway. The tissue levels of ADR were not different between 2K-1C and 2K, but the plasma concentration of ADR was lower in 2K-1C than in 2K. There was no difference in the NO production in the endothelial cells from 2K-1C and 2K. Taken together, our results suggest that α-AR activation by NOR involves H2O2 and PI3K/AKT that activates eNOS in 2K-1C rat aorta that could contribute to the lower contractile effect induced by NOR in 2K-1C. β-AR activation by ADR leads to the eNOS activation without activation of H2O2 and PI3K/AKT pathway in 2K-1C rat aorta.

Mecanismos celulares ativados por agonistas adrenérgicos em aorta de ratos hipertensos renais com disfusão endotelial