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ALMEIDA, M. O. Obtainment of aphidicolin and enhydrin derivatives through biotransformation and semi-synthesis and evaluation of leishmanical activity. 2010. 159f. Dissertation. Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto – Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 2010. Biotransformations are reactions of organic compounds made by intact microbial cells, plant cells or enzymes isolated. The transformation of a particular compound can be carried out at functional groups, with or without degradation of the carbonic skeleton. In this work endophytic and soil fungal strains were applied for the biotransformation of the bioactive terpenes enhydrin (sesquiterpene lactone) and aphidicolin (diterpene). Enhydrin shows anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory activity. Aphidicolin has been reported as an antiviral, antitumoral and leishmanicidal hit. The endophytes Penicillium crustosum VR4, Papulospora immersa SS13, Fusarium oxysporium SS50 and the soil fungus Rhizopus stolonifer have been screened for the biotransformation of enhydrin and aphidicolin. The biotransformation of enhydrin, catalyzed by the endophytic P. immersa SS13, led to the isolation of a dihydroxyderivative, a product of the sesquiterpene lactone side chain epoxide opening. This product had only been obtained previously by chemical means. The biotransformation experiments using aphidicolin as substrate were not successful in the production of derivatives. The derivatives of aphidicolin were more efficiently prepared through semi-synthetic approaches. Five aphidicolin semi-synthetic derivatives were obtained: two silicon mono-silyl ether derivatives, one silicon bis-silyl ether derivative, one tetra-acetylated derivative and one triacetylated derivative. During the purification of synthetic mixtures, the natural product 3-deoxyaphidicolin was also isolated. All the aphidicolane derivatives have been assayed against Leishmania major. Aphidicolin, 3-deoxyaphidicolin and triacetylated aphidicolin showed the higher leishmanicidal activities. The lipophilicities of aphidicolane derivatives were calculated. The higher activity presented by the triacetylated aphidicolin may be due to its higher ability to cross the cell membranes. This work led to the isolation of one biotransformation product of enhydrin and to the identification of new natural and semi-synthetic leishmanicidal aphidicolanes.

Obtenção de derivados dos terpenos enidrina e afidicolina por biotransformação e semi-síntese e avaliação da atividade leishmanicida