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Hydrogen (H2), considered an alternative to fossil fuels, is a promising source of clean energy because its combustion originates water molecules only. However, the current H2 production methods require finite raw materials and a large amount of energy, which makes them unsustainable. The fermentative pathway has been considered for H2 production from renewable raw materials such as industrial wastewater, lignocellulosic materials, and algal biomass, the so-called first, second, and third bio-hydrogen generation, respectively. In this work, after pre-treatment at pH 3 for 12 h, a H2-producing bacterium was isolated from a mixed culture (sludge) collected from an anaerobic bioreactor used to treat sugarcane vinasse. The microorganism was identified as Clostridium beijerinckii based on the sequence of the 16S rRNA gene; it was named C. beijerinckii Br21. The most appropriate temperature and initial pH to achieve H2 production by this strain was 35 °C and 7, respectively. The bacterium was able to use a wide variety of carbon sources, especially the monosaccharides glucose, galactose, and mannose resulting from hydrolysis of algal biomass. Batch assays using different concentrations of glucose and galactose were performed to produce H2. The kinetic parameters of the tests were estimated by the Gompertz modified model. The maximum production rate (Rm), the maximum amount of produced H2 (Hmáx), and the phase lag (λ) for glucose and galactose, both at 15 g/L, were 58.27 and 67.64 mL of H2/h, 57.68 and 47.61 mmol of H2, and 8.29 and 17.22 h, respectively. The main metabolite detected at the end of fermentation tests was butyric acid, followed by acetic acid and ethanol. The results indicated that the new C. beijerinckii isolate is a promising candidate for fermentative H2 production from algal biomass.

Produção de hidrogênio por fermentação por um novo isolado de <i>Clostridium beijerinckii</i>