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Barbosa, E. H. (2013). Morphological and morphometric evaluation of the effects of neonatal tactile stimulation on the optic nerve or healthy wistar rats subjected to a iron-deficient diet in the early post-natal period. Dissertacao de Mestrado, Departamento de Psicologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto. Previous studies showed that iron deficiency leads to degenerative processes in the CNS and neonatal tactile stimulation is a noninvasive and promising strategy to attenuate the deficits caused by the degeneration, it is important to compare in rats, subjected to irondeficient diet (A 4mg/kg) or iron-adequate diet (C 35mg/kg), the effects of neonatal tactile stimulation on the morphometric aspects of the optic nerve, such as the quantification of glial cells, blood vessels and myelinated fibers, at 18, 22 and 32 days of age. A total of twelve litters of Wistar rats was used, consisting of 12 dam and 72 male newborns, which were divided into two groups according to the diet given to the dam (A and C). Half of the litters in group A and C was subjected to tactile stimulation (E) and the other half received no stimulation (N). Finally, resulting in four experimental groups: non-stimulated control group (CN), stimulated control group (CE), the non-stimulated anemic group (AN), and the stimulated anemic group (AE), each group consisted of 3 dam and 18 pups. At 18, 22 and 32 days of life, six pups of each group was anesthetized and sacrificed by transcardiac perfusion. The optic nerve of the pups was dissected and immersed in 1% osmium tetroxide and embedded in araldite. Morphological analysis of the AN group showed that a large amount of fibers with increased axonal diameter which indicates excessive intracellular fluid and therefore axonal swelling. Furthermore, it was found disarranged myelin sheaths, characterized by lamellar loose or myelin detached from its axon. In addition, there was an increase of spaces between the fibers. Astrocytes and oligodendrocytes also showed clear signs of cell suffering, with deformities of the nuclear membrane, such as invagination or irregularity of the nuclear envelope. The analysis of the AE group showed a decrease of the deleterious effects of iron deficiency. There was no difference in the characteristics of the optic nerves of CN and CE groups. According to the result of glial cells quantification, it was found that animals fed with iron-deficient diet had a higher amount of astrocytes and a lower amount of oligodendrocytes at all ages studied, and these numbers were not altered by tactile stimulation. The blood vessels quantification shows that the iron-deficient diet has no effect

Avaliação morfológica e morfométrica dos efeitos da estimulação tátil neonatal sobre o nervo óptico de ratos Wistar hígidos ou submetidos a uma dieta deficiente em ferro no período pós-natal precoce