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The University of São Paulo campus in Ribeirão Preto is an area of 450 hectares, characterized by a mosaic of forest remnants and buildings, one of the largest green areas of the city. For this study a captive couple of black howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya) was released to supplement the existing campus population. In order to define an area for the release of the couple the resident group, composed of four monkeys, was tracked six days per month for a period of six months to determine their home range adult male and a sub-adult female were united in captivity in the Municipal Park Morro de Sao Bento. The couple formation was accomplished in three phases (familiarization, junction and post-junction) with gradual proximity increase. The activity pattern was recorded using the scanning method, every 5 minutes for 2 hours for 10 days (for each phase). Recorded values were close to those reported for the genus, with increased social behavior during the phases: from 4.4 to 16 and 35.2% (p<0.001). The couple was moved to a cage at the release site, where they stayed for 44 days. During this time the pre-release assessment and rehabilitation diet were implemented. During the pre-release it was verified that the change of area did not significantly affect the social behavior of the couple, whose value was 29% (p = 0.083 compared with the value obtained in the last phase of formation the couple). In the rehabilitation diet, of the initial 2000 g of fruit per day, 1200 g were gradually replaced by leaves of five plant species. The couple was release on November 10, 2009. The couple was followed from 6 am to 18 pm, four days per month for a period of one year November/09 to October/10, except January/10 a total of 528 observation hours. The activity pattern was recorded by the scanning method every 20 minutes. During the year they spent 61.7% of the time at rest, 5.9% non-directional movement, 6.1%directional movement, 10.9% feeding and 15.4% in social behavior. The directional movement, behavior that best expresses the exploration of the area, monthly records were compared to the annual average (18.6). December, February and March had above-average results with the month of December significantly higher (p<0.001). May, June, July, August, September and October, showed lower results, with the month of July being significantly lower (p=0.032). The feeding was recorded by the method 1-0 every 5 minutes. During the year the couple used 146 individuals (trees and vines) of 38 species belonging to 18 families. The six most consumed species account for 61.3% of total records: Maclura tinctoria (14.8%), Leucaena leucocephala (13.3%), Ficus insipida (11.8%), Handroanthus impetiginosus (7.6%) Poincianella rainfall (7%) and Terminalia catappa (6.8%). The total number of species consumed in each month was compared with the annual average of 9.8. More species than average were consumed during the months of December, February, March, April and May. Fewer species than the average were consumed during the months of June, July, August, September and October, July was significantly lower (p=0.033). The home range was recorded by the scanning method every 1 hour. During the year the couple used 50 quadrants of 50 x 50 m (0.25 ha), totaling an area of 12.5 hectares. The total number of quadrants used per month was compared with the annual average of 9. The months of December, February and March had a higher number of quadrants that

Suplementação da população de bugios-pretos (Alouatta caraya) no campus da Universidade de São Paulo em Ribeirão Preto pela soltura de indivíduos cativos - estudo do comportamento