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The Salto Granite, part of Itu Magmatic Province (~ 590 Ma), of post-orogenic character, is a compositionally varied pluton, consisting of three main granitic units. Most of the pluton’s volume is formed of inequigranular to porphyritic reddish granite with medium-grained matrix and rapakivi texture which seems to transit locally to a variety where plagioclase is white, and the rapakivi is thus more evident. A second unit, designated porphyry granite, is characterized by the presence of fine matrix and abundant phenocrysts of feldspar (some with rapakivi texture), quartz and hornblende and occupies the center-west of the pluton; it also forms some small isolated bodies. The pink inequigranular granite unit, compositionally more evolved, occurs on the western portion of the pluton, and displays structures indicative of crystallization at shallow crustal level (miaroles), being interpreted as the roof of the pluton. Felsic microgranular enclaves, with ellipsoidal shapes and compositions slightly less evolved than the host rapakivi granites, are a typical structural feature and may reach up to 2-3 meters. More mafic microgranular enclaves with color indices up to 20-25, although very common in both rapakivi granites and the granite porphyry, are always small and round shaped (<3 cm). Based on the field structural features, petrography and major and trace element chemical composition as well as the Sr and Nd isotopes, an evolutionary model was developed for the generation of granite and for the origin of their felsic microgranular enclaves. The main unit crystallized in a shallow magma chamber (P max ~ 3 kbar), from a granitic magma generated by partial melting of a metaigneous crustal source, possibly with some contribution from mantle-derived basic magmas as indicated by the presence of mafic microgranular enclaves. The cupula unit was formed by the ascent of less dense magmas generated by fractionation within the magma chamber. The felsic microgranular enclaves are interpreted as products of refilling of the chamber by new magma pulses that were generally hotter and more primitive than the resident magma. These were trapped and frozen in portions where the resident magma behaved like a mush in an advanced stage of crystallization. The origin of the porphyry granite may be related to these recharge processes, in view of their textural similarity with portions of felsic microgranular enclaves contaminated by crystals from the host granite.

O significado dos enclaves microgranulares félsicos na evolução de magmas graníticos: Petrologia dos enclaves do Plúton Salto, Batólito Itu, SP