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Due to the depletion of nickel contents in sulfide ores, new studies have been carried out to extract and process lateritic ores. The processing of these ores generates solutions containing cobalt, which could be recovered by solvent extraction. However, this technology has occupational health and fire hazards. As a possible alternative, electrodialysis is a technology used for the recovery of metals from liquid sources, allowing the separation of cations and anions by the application of an electric current in two electrodes. When compared to solvent extraction, it has lower consumption of chemicals, less generation of waste and energy operation. The objective of this work was to evaluate a hydrometallurgical route to recover a synthetic sulfate solution containing cobalt (II), magnesium (II), manganese (II) and chromium (III), simulating concentrations obtained in one step of the industrial processing of lateritic ores. For this, a transparent acrylic electrodialysis unit was constructed, with cationic and anionic ion exchange membranes. At the extremities of the unit, titanium electrodes coated with titanium oxide and ruthenium oxide (70TiO2/30RuO2), were positioned as the cathode and anode. Both the membranes and electrodes had 16 cm2 of area. Two electrodialysis configurations were studied, one aiming at the recovery of ions and sulfuric acid, and the other aiming at the concentration of ions. Thereafter, from the concentrated solution, the cobalt recover was evaluated by three systems, electrowinning, precipitation and ion exchange. The electrowinning tests were performed with cobalt, aluminum and stainless steel cathodes. Titanium coated electrodes (70TiO2/30RuO2) were used as anode. In the precipitation tests, sodium hydroxide and sodium dithionite were used. The ion exchange tests were performed in batch mode, using five types of resins. For the system with five compartments, after 64 h applying a current density of 6.25 mA.cm2, the results indicated an approximate extraction of 76 % for Co, 69 % for Mn, 79 % for Mg and 32 % for Cr. The recovery of sulfuric acid in the anode compartment was confirmed by the increase of the H2SO4 concentration from 0.01 to 0.1 mol.L. For the system with six compartments, after 136 h applying a current density of 6.64 mA.cm2, the results indicated an approximate extraction of 95 % for Co, Mn, Mg and SO4, and 85 % for Cr. The concentration increase in the concentrate compartment was 178 % for Co, 145 % for Mn, 165 % for Mg and 79 % for Cr. The cobalt electrowinning was reached only with the stainless steel cathode, allowing an extraction of 80 % of the cobalt from the solution, with current density from 14.3 to 28.6 mA.cm2. No chromium deposition was detected. Precipitation by hydroxide did not allow the separation of cobalt from chromium, and precipitation of cobalt by sodium dithionite was not detected. The M4195 resin had the best adsorption yield for cobalt over chromium, achieving almost 40 % extraction. The results confirmed the feasibility of the electrodialysis to produce treated solutions and concentrated solutions of ions. Ionic exchange and electrowinning had the most promising results for cobalt recovery. Thus, the application of the proposed route may be a complementary solution for the recovery of cobalt from lateritic ores processing, compared to solvent extraction. KEY-WORDS: Hydrometallurgy; Cobalt; Electrodialysis; Electrowinning; Ion exchange.

Aplicação da eletrodiálise para concentração de metais de uma solução sintética multicomponente de uma rota de processamento de minério limonítico visando a recuperação seletiva de cobalto.