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The aim of this study is to establish the criteria of election of an electrical architecture tailor-made for the emergent markets, considering the necessities of market, legislation, innovations and/or new functions to be applied during the whole vehicle’s life-cycle. Due to this, the result of the bibliographical research of this study, defines the meaning of “electrical architecture”, and shows its evolution since the beginning of the automotive industry up to now, also presenting the main electrical systems available today, making clear the huge importance of the embedded electronics for the evolution of the automobile. This study also presents the technological trends and a brief description of techniques, criteria and development methodology for electrical architecture projects available today in the industry. Here after, the study defines the concepts of emergent market and developed market, showing their characteristics, market share and production volumes (historical and forecast), showing the importance of the emergent markets for the world-wide automotive industry nowadays and the needs for development of specific strategies for these markets. Based on the bibliographical research, documentary analysis and the unstructured interviews with active members of the automotive industry, the criteria for election of electrical architectures for emergent markets was established, as well as their describers and swing-weights. The definition of weights and describers is necessary for the use of the additive aggregation method – a decision taking method which has the capacity to evaluate several alternatives simultaneously, through qualitative parameters. Such method, presented in the methodology chapter, was very efficient for dynamic evaluation of the proposals even before changes in its parameters. Finally, the method and the criteria were finally applied in two studies of case, based on real cases of automotive industry when developing two projects: a low-cost hatch vehicle and a mid-size luxury sedan vehicle, both designed for emergent markets. By the study of cases, it was possible to compare solutions of architectures adopted in the past, in the present and for a near future, and also to compare solutions adopted for developed markets and emergent markets. The results of this study proved the necessity of specific criteria for emergent markets, the coherence of the established criteria and the robustness of the adopted model. Regarding the studies of cases, the robustness and consistency of the evaluation model and the proved importance of the criteria are relevant and valid, even considering that the definition of the weights values and grades are always made by the evaluators. It means that they directly depend on the company’s know-how and best practices (from carmakers or suppliers) and the professional experience of the evaluator, resulting, someway, in their own values for different companies.

Critérios para seleção da arquitetura elétrica veicular em mercados emergentes.