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This work was done focused on contributing to the technologic development of electrochemical sensors employed in ions detection, specifically, hydrogen ions (H). At the first part of the work, the H electrochemical sensors review is showed and discussed; mainly of the ion sensitive devices know as ISFET device (Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistor). The work was focused in the purpose of fabrication and functional characterization of a modified electrode with methylene blue molecules based on porous silicon technology. The results obtained with this work showed that macroporous silicon films modified with methylene blue act as work electrodes with high electron transference rate, allowing their application in electrochemical sensor devices using cyclic voltammetry technique. The cyclic voltammetry experimental results of this electrode showed high sensibility to pH changes of the solution, parameter related to the H ion concentration. The sensor response was monitored by the intensity of peak current and peak potential position of the redox reaction of methylene blue molecules on modified porous silicon electrode. The modified electrodes with methylene blue on microporous silicon films showed a high electric resistance, making impossible their application as sensors employing the cyclic voltammetry technique. However, due to their high specific surface (600 m/cm), these electrodes were applied to ion detection through the electrochemical impedance technique. The results achieved with the porous silicon electrodes modified with methylene blue open great perspectives of application in biosensors and DNA Chips.

Sensores eletroquímicos para detecção de íons e medida de pH baseados em filmes de silício poroso.