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Traditionally the industrial waste gases have been treated by physical-chemical processes, such as scrubbers, absorption, condensation and oxidation. Although these techniques presented great efficiency, the need to add chemical products and the replacement of adsorbent results in relatively high operational costs compared to biological treatment techniques. The objective of this study is to improve an experimental biofiltration unit to remove air steam containing H2S, using polyurethane foam as filter bed, to analyze the bed dynamic flow through pressure drop and the bed moisture, and to analyze the biofilter behavior during the H2S depuration with the progressive increase of input concentration. The bio-filter has an acrylic column, divided into 3 parts, from which two are 13 cm high and the central one is 50 cm high, adding up to a 76 cm high column with an inner diameter of 5.2 cm. Modules were attached on the top and bottom biofilter extremities to distribute and collect the air stream and also to recirculate the liquid phase. The inoculum used was a sludge from a activated sludge unit, which works as posttreatment for domestic sewer treated by a UASB reactor. The inoculum acclimatizing was done for 7 days with thiosulphate and 7 days with H2S. The studied measured hydrogen sulphide concentrations were divided into seven average concentration levels, which are 141, 271, 514, 532, 581, 878 e 1303 ppm. The used ratio was 100 L.h resulting in hydraulic retention time of approximately 58 seconds. The head losses obtained in the system were below 0.8 10 mca. The polyurethane foam presented to be a good support manner to the microorganisms attach. The activated sludge presented to be a good inoculum for the treatment of H2S because it required a short time to adapt. The average efficiency of the biofilter kept above 96 % and the bed humidity above 92 %, reaching the maximum elimination capacity (ECmáx) of approximately 155 g.m .h and a optimum elimination capacity of approximately 139 g.m.h. The main H2S degradation product found was the elemental sulfur.

Desempenho de filtro biológico na depuração e desodorização de emissões de sulfeto de hidrogênio