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The pre-transfusion tests are the group of immunohematology techniques applied in the receptor and donor samples in order to provide a unit of red blood cells compatible and safe for transfusion. In addition to the obligatory ABO and Rh phenotyping in the pre-transfusion tests, the determination of the antigenic profile of other red cells antigens of clinical importance improves transfusion safety, especially for patients previously alloimmunized or candidates for chronic transfusion. For such patients, knowing the phenotype allows the selection of red blood cell concentrates with the same phenotype, which prevents hemolytic transfusion reactions, as well as new alloimmunization. Individuals who have antibody-coated red blood cells sensitized in vivo, such as in autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AHAI), will have a direct antiglobulin test (DAT) positive, making it difficult to perform phenotyping. Positive DAT causes false positive results especially when commercially available IgG serums which require the human antiglobulin phase or indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) for reading are used for phenotyping. In 1982 Edwards, Molds and Judd proposed the use of the chloroquine technique to dissociate antigen-antibody complexes by preserving the erythrocyte membrane and allowing phenotyping. It is currently the most used technique in Brazilian centers. The EDTA/glycine-acid technique was first described by Louie, Jieng and Zeroulis in 1986, but it is little used because commercially available reagents are not available in the Brazilian market. The present study evaluated the EDTA/glycine-acid technique with reagents prepared in house in parallel to the chloroquine technique, which is currently the technique applied at the Hemocentro de Ribeirão Preto. For this, donor red cells samples (n = 50) with known phenotype were sensitized with human antibodies of known specificity and both techniques were applied. The effect of the technique on the expression of erythrocyte antigens (Fy a , Fy b , Jk a , Jk b , S and s) was also verified by the phenotyping of the samples that had negative DAT. The viability of the antibodies present in the recovered eluate after treatment with EDTA/glycine-acid. A was also tested EDTA/glycine-acid was effective in negatively affecting DAT in 33 samples (66%), comparable to chloroquine that negatived 28 samples (56%). The eluate was viable in treatment with EDTA/glycine-acid and no destruction of erythrocyte antigens after treatment. We conclude that the EDTA/ glycine-acid technique can be used as an option in the treatment of red cells with TDA positive, with the advantage that its execution time is inferior to that of chloroquine (2 minutes x 30 to 120 minutes), which makes it useful in emergency situations. When both techniques are used in different erythrocytes of the same sample, the effectiveness is significantly increased (p <0.05).

Aplicação da técnica da glicina-ácida/EDTA e avaliação da eficácia no tratamento de hemácias com teste direto da antiglobulina positivo